Estimating the external costs of travel on GPS tracks

Providing people with information on the external costs of their mobility, including generated emissions and congestion, has been shown to influence travel behaviour. We present a methodology for estimating transport externalities at link level GPS data, aim provide more accurate estimates costs. Emission values various pollutants are calculated each using HBEFA database, accounting vehicle type, road category traffic conditions. For average delays computed hour day. apply this trips collected during national mobility pricing study. The is validated against Swiss estimates. range per-kilometer compared norm values. observed trip-level heterogeneity in supports hypothesis that analysis insufficient.